Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology
Volume 20, Issue 2 , Pages 199-205 , April 2010

Scapulothoracic motion and muscle activity during the raising and lowering phases of an overhead reaching task

Received 6 January 2009 ,Revised 25 February 2009 ,Accepted 1 April 2009.

References 

  1. 3SPACE FASTRAK. Users manual, revision F. Colchester, VT; 1993.
  2. Bagg SD, Forrest WJ. A biomechanical analysis of scapular rotation during arm abduction in the scapular plane. Am J Phys Med Rehabilitat. 1988;67(6):238–245
  3. Bigland B, Lippold OC. The relation between force, velocity and integrated electrical activity in human muscles. J Physiol. 1954;123(1):214–224
  4. Borstad JD, Ludewig PM. Comparison of scapular kinematics between elevation and lowering of the arm in the scapular plane. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon). 2002;17(9-10):650–659
  5. Bourne DA, Choo AM, Regan WD, MacIntyre DL, Oxland TR. Three-dimensional rotation of the scapula during functional movements: an in vivo study in healthy volunteers. J Shoulder Elbow Surgery. 2007;16(2):150–162
  6. Bull M, De Freitas V, Vitti M. Electromyographic study of the trapezius (Pars superior) and serratus anterior (Pars inferior) in free movements of the arm. Anatomischer Anzeiger. 1990;171:125–133
  7. Clarkson H. Musculoskeletal assessment joint range of motion and manual muscle strength. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins; 2000;
  8. Del Valle A, Thomas CK. Firing rates of motor units during strong dynamic contractions. Muscle Nerve. 2005;32(3):316–325
  9. Ebaugh DD, McClure PW, Karduna AR. Three-dimensional scapulothoracic motion during active and passive arm elevation. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon). 2005;20(7):700–709
  10. Enoka RM. Eccentric contractions require unique activation strategies by the nervous system. J Appl Physiol. 1996;81(6):2339–2346
  11. Fang Y, Siemionow V, Sahgal V, Xiong F, Yue GH. Greater movement-related cortical potential during human eccentric versus concentric muscle contractions. J Neurophysiol. 2001;86(4):1764–1772
  12. Fang Y, Siemionow V, Sahgal V, Xiong F, Yue GH. Distinct brain activation patterns for human maximal voluntary eccentric and concentric muscle actions. Brain Res. 2004;1023(2):200–212
  13. Garland SJ, Cooke JD, Miller KJ, Ohtsuki T, Ivanova T. Motor unit activity during human single joint movements. J Neurophysiol. 1996;76(3):1982–1990
  14. Grabiner MD, Owings TM. EMG differences between concentric and eccentric maximum voluntary contractions are evident prior to movement onset. Exp Brain Res. 2002;145(4):505–511
  15. Guazzelli Filho J, Furlani J, De Freitas V. Electromyographic study of the trapezius muscle in free movements of the arm. Electromyogr Clin Neurophysiol. 1991;31(2):93–98
  16. Harryman DT, Sidles JA, Clark JM, McQuade KJ, Gibb TD, Matsen FA. Translation of the humeral head on the glenoid with passive glenohumeral motion. J Bone Joint Surgery. 1990;72-A(9):1334–1343
  17. Howell JN, Fuglevand AJ, Walsh ML, Bigland-Ritchie B. Motor unit activity during isometric and concentric–eccentric contractions of the human first dorsal interosseus muscle. J Neurophysiol. 1995;74(2):901–904
  18. Inman VT, Saunders JB, Abbott LC. Observations on the function of the shoulder joint. J Bone Joint Surgery. 1944;26:(1–30)
  19. Karduna AR, McClure PW, Michener LA, Sennett B. Dynamic measurements of three-dimensional scapular kinematics: a validation study. J Biomech Eng. 2001;123(2):184–190
  20. Kibler WB, McMullen J. Scapular dyskinesis and its relation to shoulder pain. J Am Acad Orthop Surgeons. 2003;11(2):142–151
  21. Komi PV, Linnamo V, Silventoinen P, Sillanpaa M. Force and EMG power spectrum during eccentric and concentric actions. Med Sci Sports Exercise. 2000;32(10):1757–1762
  22. Kronberg M, Brostrom LA. Electromyographic recordings in shoulder muscles during eccentric movements. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1995;(314):143–151
  23. Kronberg M, Nemeth G, Brostrom LA. Muscle activity and coordination in the normal shoulder. An electromyographic study. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1990;(257):76–85
  24. Kronberg M, Brostrom LA, Nemeth G. Differences in shoulder muscle activity between patients with generalized joint laxity and normal controls. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1991;(269):181–192
  25. Linnamo V, Moritani T, Nicol C, Komi PV. Motor unit activation patterns during isometric, concentric and eccentric actions at different force levels. J Electromyogr Kinesiol. 2003;13(1):93–101
  26. Ludewig PM, Cook TM. Alterations in shoulder kinematics and associated muscle activity in people with symptoms of shoulder impingement. Phys Ther. 2000;80(3):276–291
  27. Ludewig P, Cook T. Translations of the humerus in persons with shoulder impingement symptoms. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2002;32(6):248–259
  28. Ludewig PM, Cook TM, Nawoczenski DA. Three-dimensional scapular orientation and muscle activity at selected positions of humeral elevation. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 1996;24(2):57–65
  29. Magermans DJ, Chadwick EK, Veeger HE, van der Helm FC. Requirements for upper extremity motions during activities of daily living. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon). 2005;20(6):591–599
  30. Matias R, Pascoal AG. The unstable shoulder in arm elevation: a three-dimensional and electromyographic study in subjects with glenohumeral instability. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon). 2006;21(Suppl. 1):S52–S58
  31. McClure PW, Michener LA, Sennett BJ, Karduna AR. Direct 3-dimensional measurement of scapular kinematics during dynamic movements in vivo. J Shoulder Elbow Surgery. 2001;10(3):269–277
  32. McHugh MP, Tyler TF, Greenberg SC, Gleim GW. Differences in activation patterns between eccentric and concentric quadriceps contractions. J Sports Sci. 2002;20(2):83–91
  33. McQuade KJ, Dawson J, Smidt GL. Scapulothoracic muscle fatigue associated with alterations in scapulohumeral rhythm kinematics during maximum resistive shoulder elevation. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 1998;28(2):74–80
  34. Nardone A, Romano C, Schieppati M. Selective recruitment of high-threshold human motor units during voluntary isotonic lengthening of active muscles. J Physiol. 1989;409:451–471
  35. Pande P, Hawkins R, Peat M. Electromyography in voluntary posterior instability of the shoulder. Am J Sports Med. 1999;17(5):644–648
  36. Pasquet B, Carpentier A, Duchateau J. Specific modulation of motor unit discharge for a similar change in fascicle length during shortening and lengthening contractions in humans. J Physiol. 2006;577(Pt 2):753–765
  37. Rundquist PJ. Alterations in scapular kinematics in subjects with idiopathic loss of shoulder range of motion. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2007;37(1):19–25
  38. Sahrmann SA. Diagnosis and treatment of movement impairment syndromes. St. Louis: Mobsy, Inc.; 2002;
  39. Sogaard K, Christensen H, Jensen BR, Finsen L, Sjogaard G. Motor control and kinetics during low level concentric and eccentric contractions in man. Electroen Clin Neurophysiol. 1996;101(5):453–460
  40. Solem-Bertoft E, Thuomas KA, Westerberg CE. The influence of scapular retraction and protraction on the width of the subacromial space. An MRI study. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1993;(296):99–103
  41. Stotz PJ, Bawa P. Motor unit recruitment during lengthening contractions of human wrist flexors. Muscle Nerve. 2001;24(11):1535–1541
  42. van Andel CJ, Wolterbeek N, Doorenbosch CA, Veeger DH, Harlaar J. Complete 3D kinematics of upper extremity functional tasks. Gait Posture. 2008;27(1):120–127
  43. Wu G, van der Helm FC, Veeger HE, Makhsous M, Van Roy P, Anglin C, et al. ISB recommendation on definitions of joint coordinate systems of various joints for the reporting of human joint motion – part II: shoulder, elbow, wrist and hand. J Biomech. 2005;38(5):981–992

PII: S1050-6411(09)00060-1

doi: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2009.04.001

Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology
Volume 20, Issue 2 , Pages 199-205 , April 2010

Article Tools

* Image Usage & Resolution